Head of Statistics Indonesia (Badan Pusat Statistik or BPS) Suryamin said that inflation in April 2014 is estimated to be low or will turn into deflation as food stockpiles in a number of regions are sufficient amid the peak of the harvest season. Suryamin based his estimation on BPS monitoring conducted from 17 April. The monitoring indicated that prices of the main food commodities (which include rice, chili, chicken meat, cooking oil as well as beef) are stable or even declining from the previous month.

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The International Monetary Fund (IMF) praised the Indonesian government's policy approach to safeguard the country's financial stability amid external shocks in 2013 and hopes that the new government, which will be inaugurated in October 2014, continues the economic reform agenda. Changyong Rhee, Director of the IMF's Asia Pacific Department, said that Indonesia - Southeast Asia's largest economy - is currently on the right track and forecast to grow 5.4 percent in 2014, slightly lower than the 5.78 percentage growth in 2013.

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Car and motorcycle sales increased rapidly in Indonesia throughout March 2014, primarily due to an improved distribution network. In the previous months, heavy rains amid a peak of the rainy season (causing floods in various parts of Indonesia) resulted in the postponement of car and motorcycle purchases. Data from the Association of Indonesian Automotive Industries (Gaikindo) indicated that car sales surged 18 percent (year-on-year, yoy) to 113,277 units in March 2014, while motorcycle sales grew 9.2 percent (yoy) to 728,820 units.

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Indonesian consumer confidence continued to grow in March 2014. According to the latest survey of Indonesia's central bank (Bank Indonesia), the country's consumer confidence rose to 118.2 in March from 116.2 one month earlier. Indonesians are particularly optimistic about domestic economic conditions over the next six months, evidenced by a 3.2 point rise in the Consumer Expectations Index to 123.9 points. Increasing consumer confidence is positive for household consumption, an important pillar of Indonesia's economic growth.

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The Indonesian rupiah exchange rate moved rather sideways on Friday (04/04). Based on the Bloomberg Dollar Index, the currency appreciated 0.06 percent to IDR 11,316 per US dollar. Most emerging Asian currencies tended to depreciate against the greenback as the market is waiting for US unemployment data, released later today. Overall, market participants remain confident in Indonesia's economic fundamentals as inflation eased to 7.32 percent (yoy) in March, while the country posted a trade surplus of USD $785 million in February.

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The Indonesian rupiah exchange rate depreciated 0.25 percent to IDR 11,323 per US dollar on Thursday (03/04) according to the Bloomberg Dollar Index. Analysts Rangga Cipta (Samuel Sekuritas Indonesia) and Zulfirman Basir (Monex Investindo Futures) expect the rupiah to move sideways or weaken toward the end of the week as the market is waiting for various data, including the meeting of the European Central Bank regarding its interest rate (03/04), US unemployment, US nonfarm payrolls and US ISM Non-Manufacturing PMI.

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The Asian Development Bank (ADB) expects Indonesia's economic growth this year to slow slightly compared to the 5.78 percent growth rate recorded in 2013. ADB's Country Director for Indonesia, Adrian Ruthenberg, said that GDP growth of Southeast Asia's largest economy is expected to slow to 5.7 percent in 2014 but will accelerate to 6 percent in 2015. The ADB's forecast is based on the assumption that Indonesia's legislative and presidential elections will run smoothly as well as continued government effort to improve the investment climate.

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On Tuesday (01/04), Statistics Indonesia announced that Indonesia's March 2014 inflation rate was recorded at 0.08 percent, considerably lower than February 2014 inflation (0.26 percent) and March inflation in 2013 (0.63 percent). Factors that contributed to lower than expected March inflation were a decline in prices of food commodities due to the start of the harvest season, and the appreciating rupiah, which neutralized imported inflation. On a year-on-year basis, Indonesian inflation eased to 7.32 percent from 7.75 percent in February 2014.

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Statistics Indonesia (BPS) expects inflation in March 2014 to be kept below the one percent mark due to the arrival of the harvest season. Prices of several commodities, including rice, beef, chicken meet and chili, are expected to ease. In fact, BPS official Sasmito Hadi Wibowo stated that there is a chance on deflation in March 2014. Historically, Indonesia's inflation in March and April tends to be low, particularly in the latter as the harvest season reaches its peak. In 2013, Indonesia recorded inflation at 0.63 percent in March.

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Car sales in Indonesia grew 8.2 percent (year-on-year) to 111,767 vehicles in February 2014 according to the latest data from the Association of Indonesian Automotive Manufacturers (Gaikindo). As usual, car sales were dominated by Toyota, Daihatsu (both are distributed by Astra International, one of Indonesia's largest diversified conglomerates), Mitsubishi, Suzuki and Honda. February sales were supported by the popular low-cost green car (LCGC) that was introduced on Indonesia's market in 2013.

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On Wednesday 5 February 2014, Statistics Indonesia (BPS, a non-departmental government institute) is expected to release Indonesia's official GDP growth figure for the year 2013. It is estimated that the outcome will be the lowest GDP growth figure since 2009 when Southeast Asia's largest economy grew 4.6 percent after feeling the impact of the global financial crisis. In 2013, again, Indonesia felt the negative influence of external troubles. And in combination with domestic factors, Indonesia's economic growth is expected to be around 5.7 percent in 2013.

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In 2014, Indonesia is expected to see capital inflow of between USD $1 billion and USD $1.5 billion of funds for investments in the country's car components industry. About 20 to 30 companies are eager to expand or start business in this sector of Southeast Asia's largest economy (each investing about USD $50 million). Indonesia's car industry is attractive due to record high car sales in recent years (triggered by strong domestic GDP per capita growth) as well as double-digit export growth (although coming from a low base).

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ICRA Indonesia, an independent credit rating agency and subsidiary of ICRA Ltd. (associate of Moody's Investors Service), publishes a monthly newsletter which provides an update on the financial and economic developments in Indonesia of the last month. In the December 2013 edition, a number of important topics that are monitored include Indonesia's inflation rate, the trade balance, the current account deficit, the IDR rupiah exchange rate, and gross domestic product (GDP) growth. Below is an excerpt of the newsletter:

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Today, Bank Indonesia kept its benchmark interest rate (BI rate) at 7.50 percent at the Board of Governors’ meeting. The lending facility rate and deposit facility rate were maintained at 7.50 percent and 5.75 percent respectively. An assessment of the economy in 2013 and outlook for 2014-2015 indicated that such policy is consistent with ongoing efforts to keep inflation within the target of 4.5±1 percent in 2014 and 4±1 percent in 2015, as well as to help reduce the current account deficit to a sustainable level.

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Domestic sales of motorcycles in Indonesia are expected to have fallen by 20 percent to 550,000 in December 2013 compared to the previous month (688,527). According to the Chairman of the commercial department of the Indonesian Motorcycle Industry Association (AISI), Sigit Kumala, this decline is not the result of slowing demand for motorcycles but due to the limited amount of working days amid the Christmas and New Year holidays. This then led to less production and distribution of motorcycles to Indonesian dealers.

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Again positive news for Indonesia's trade balance. Last week, Statistics Indonesia announced that the largest economy of Southeast Asia posted a USD $776.8 million trade surplus in November 2013 (the largest monthly trade surplus since March 2012). After the (revised) USD $24 million trade surplus in October 2013, November was the second straight month in which the country posted a surplus. This development is important to gain investors' confidence as Indonesia's current account deficit has been a major cause for concern.

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As we approach the end of 2013 it is worth taking a look back to the performance of the stock market of Indonesia this year. At the start of the year, investors and analysts were positive that the country's benchmark stock index (known as the IHSG or Jakarta Composite Index) would post steady growth. Initial forecasts claimed that the IHSG could surpass the 5,000 points level by the end of 2013 from 4,300 at end-2012. The actual performance of the IHSG in fact exceeded expectations as in May 2013 the index moved beyond 5,200 points.

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On Thursday 12 December 2013, Indonesia's central bank (Bank Indonesia) announced that the country's benchmark interest rate (BI rate) remains unchanged at the level of 7.50 percent in December 2013. This announcement was a bit surprizing as about 80 percent of analysts expected Bank Indonesia to raise the BI rate in order to support the depreciating Indonesia rupiah exchange rate. Starting the year at IDR 9,670 per US dollar, the rupiah has fallen around 25 percent to IDR 12,081 per US dollar.

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In Bank Indonesia's board of governors' meeting, which was held on Thursday (12/12), it was decided to maintain the country's benchmark interest rate (BI rate) at 7.50 percent. This decision was in line with market expectation but was unable to support the Jakarta Composite Index and rupiah exchange rate. The lending facility and deposit facility interest rates were also maintained at 7.50 percent and 5.75 percent respectively. Bank Indonesia decided not to change the rate as Indonesia's inflation outlook for 2014 is still within target.

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Rudi Wahyono, Executive Director of the Indonesian Center for Information and Development Studies (Cides), believes that Indonesia's economic expansion in 2014 will be divided in two stages: before and after the legislative and presidential elections. Before the 2014 elections, Wahyono expects that economic growth will be slightly lower at 5.7 percent compared to the period after the elections when growth is expected to hit 6 percent. Growth in the first half of 2014 will be less strong as investors are waiting for the election results.

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