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The benchmark Jakarta Composite Index rose 0.13 percent to 5,360.77 points on Friday (03/02), while the Indonesian rupiah appreciated 0.06 percent to IDR 13,343 per US dollar (Bloomberg Dollar Index). This slight growth was in line with the performance of most global stock markets on Friday after Wall Street ended little changed on the preceding trading day.
The Indonesian rupiah is appreciating sharply on Thursday (05/01) as the US dollar retreats from its (near) 14-year peak against a basket of major global currencies ahead of the release of the US Federal Reserve's December policy meeting minutes. Based on the Bloomberg Dollar Index, the rupiah had strengthened 0.83 percent to IDR 13,328 per US dollar by 14:00 pm local Jakarta time on Thursday (05/01). Particularly the unexpected fall of the US dollar against China's yuan spooks market players.
When on Friday afternoon (30 December 2016) the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) closed its doors it effectively brought the year 2016 to an end in terms of stock trading on the local bourse. On Friday Indonesia's benchmark Jakarta Composite Index fell 0.11 percent to 5,296.71 points after two days of impressive gains. However, when looking at full-year 2016 the Jakarta Composite Index climbed 15.32 percent, hence being the second-best performing (national) benchmark stock index (after Thailand) in the Southeast Asian region in 2016.
On the last trading day before the Christmas break, Indonesia's benchmark Jakarta Composite Index fell for the ninth straight day, the longest losing streak since August 2005. On Friday (23/12) the index fell 0.30 percent to 5,027.70 points. The performance of Indonesian stocks was in line with other markets in Asia. Ahead of Christmas and New Year festivities, trade volume is low as investors are taking a break. Meanwhile, there are no positive sentiments stemming from the Indonesian market.
As we approach the year-end, and without the presence of positive triggers, investors seem to engage in profit-taking. Therefore, Indonesia's benchmark Jakarta Composite Index now extended its losing streak to seven straight sessions. Indonesian stocks fell 0.99 percent to 5,111.39 points on Wednesday (21/12), a decline led by consumer staples and financial shares, while the Indonesian rupiah depreciated 0.16 percent to IDR 13,459 per US dollar (Bloomberg Dollar Index). The Federal Reserve's recent rate hike still seems to overshadow global investor sentiment.
The Federal Reserve decided - in line with expectations - to raise its benchmark Fed Funds Rate by 0.25 percent to the range of 0.50 - 0.75 percent, exactly one year after its first rate hike (in a decade). Furthermore, the Fed Chair Janet Yellen also indicated it sees three more interest rate hikes in 2017. This is a bit more hawkish than markets expected. Tighter monetary policy in the USA is required as the US labor market and growth in household spending improves. Inflation has also improved but remains below the Fed's 2 percent (y/y) target. Business investment, however, remains soft.
The central bank of Indonesia (Bank Indonesia) announced that the country's foreign exchange reserves fell to USD $111.5 billion at the end of November 2016, from USD $115.0 billion in the preceding month. The USD $3.5 billion decline was caused by Bank Indonesia's efforts to stabilize the rupiah exchange rate as well as the government's external debt repayments. Despite the decline, Bank Indonesia regards the current level of forex reserves as healthy.
The Indonesian rupiah has been appreciated significantly over the past two days versus the US dollar. By 12:00 noon local Jakarta time on Wednesday (07/12), Indonesia's currency had strengthened 0.29 percent to IDR 13,331 per US dollar (based on the Bloomberg Dollar Index). Meanwhile, Bank Indonesia's Jakarta Interbank Spot Dollar Rate (JISDOR) appreciated 0.51 percent to IDR 13,336 per US dollar today. Lets zoom in on this performance.
Contrary to most other Asian stock indices, Indonesia's benchmark Jakarta Composite Index opened in the green zone on Monday morning (05/12). While, most markets are plagued by the outcome of Italy's referendum on Sunday (and Italian Prime Minister Matteo Renzi announcing his resignation), Indonesian stocks still seem to continue with the relief rally after the peaceful anti-Ahok demonstration on Friday (02/12). However, rupiah weakness, particularly as the US Federal Reserve may raise rates can limit the rise of local stocks.
While most Asian stock indices were in the red zone on Friday (02/12), Indonesian stocks bucked the trend. Indonesia's benchmark Jakarta Composite Index rose 0.91 percent to 5,245.96 points, while the Indonesian rupiah appreciated 0.39 percent to IDR 13,512 per US dollar (Bloomberg Dollar Index). While global investors were cautious ahead of the new US payroll data (to be released later on Friday), domestic investors poured money into Indonesian stocks. What explains this performance today?
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In 2015 Unilever Indonesia's net profit declined 1.2 percent (y/y) to IDR 5.85 trillion (approx. USD $443 million) due to weakened purchasing power of Indonesian consumers amid the economic slowdown. Last year Indonesia's GDP growth touched the six-year low of 4.79 percent (y/y). This year, however, economic growth is estimated to accelerate beyond the 5.0 percent (y/y) mark. Unilever Indonesia is a leading consumer goods producer in Indonesia that is mainly focused on home & personal care products as well as foods & refreshment products. How about its performance in 2016?
To assess Indonesia's purchasing power and consumer confidence it is always useful to take a look at car and motorcycle sales because when people are confident about their financial situation and have enough money to spend then they tend to buy cars and motorcycles (motorcycles are particularly popular among Indonesia's huge middle to lower-middle class segment). Meanwhile, cement sales inform about property and infrastructure development. Property development is also closely related to purchasing power and consumer confidence because property development grows when people's demand for property rises.
Some concern has been raised about the inflow of foreign 'hot money' into Indonesia amid accomodative monetary policies conducted by central banks of the Eurozone and Japan (the latter implemented negative interest rates in late-January). The world's carry traders are now seeking cheap funds in advanced economies and invest these funds in assets that have attractive returns such as Indonesian bonds and stocks. Indonesia's benchmark interest rate (BI rate) is still relatively high at 7.0 percent after a 25 basis points cut at Bank Indonesia's February 2016 policy meeting.
Tomorrow (05/02), Statistics Indonesia is scheduled to release Indonesia's official full-year 2015 economic growth figure. Nearly all analysts expect to see a figure that reflects the continuation of slowing economic growth. Southeast Asia's largest economy expanded 5.0 percent in 2014 and this is expected to have eased further to 4.7 percent or 4.8 percent in 2015 on the back of (interrelated) sluggish global growth, low commodity prices, and weak export performance. Domestically, Indonesia has or had to cope with high interest rates and inflation (hence curtailing people's purchasing power and consumption as well as business expansion).
Whereas the Indonesian Automotive Industry Association (Gaikindo), expects Indonesia's car sales to rise five percent (y/y) in 2016 on the back of improving economic conditions, US-based consulting firm Frost & Sullivan expects to see a 4.3 percent decline in the country's car sales this year as continued rupiah depreciation and persistently low commodity prices undermine Indonesians' purchasing power.
Broad market trends in the Indonesian rupiah have held relatively consistent over the last year, with a modest devaluation seen against the US dollar. We did see fluctuations in these trends during the summer months but many of these moves came as a result of external influences. One of the best examples here is the media turmoil that posted during this period with respect to a slowdown in the Chinese economy, and this has left many investors wondering whether the rupiah will be able to stand on its own merits and reverse some of its earlier weakness.
New York-based financial services firm Standard & Poor's stated that Indonesia's banking industry will feel the negative impact of Indonesia's sluggish economic growth in combination with persistently low commodity prices next year. This combination may weaken profitability of the nation's banking industry. S&P puts Indonesia's economic growth in 2016 at 5 percent (y/y), below the International Monetary Fund's and World Bank's forecast as well as the central government's target, all at 5.3 percent (y/y).
The financial markets have had an interesting year in 2015, with several significant surprises seen in the major asset classes. On the whole, 2015 could probably be best described as a year of stabilizing with stocks and commodities holding mostly steady throughout the period. This has been largely true in the currency markets, as well. But there are some factors that are likely to influence trends for world currencies in new ways in 2016. Central banks in some regions will likely have significant influence in others, and investors will need to remain aware of the possibilities early in order to position for potential trend chances in critical areas.
Ace Hardware Indonesia, one of Indonesia's leading retail companies that is engaged in the markets of home improvement and lifestyle products, is expected to show modest (single-digit) growth in 2016. Same store sales growth is estimated to grow in the range of 8-10 percent year-on-year (y/y). This modest performance is caused by weak purchasing power in Indonesia amid sluggish economic growth and due to the fragile rupiah (against the US dollar).
The structure of Indonesia's automotive industry remains weak as it is too dependent on imports of raw materials, making sales prices of cars highly vulnerable to the volatile Indonesian rupiah. The automotive industry has been one of the many local industries that has been plagued by Indonesia's economic slowdown and fragile rupiah (amid looming tighter monetary policy in the USA) as people's purchasing power has weakened. In the first ten months of 2015, Indonesian car sales stood at a total of 853,008 units, down 18 percent from car sales in the same period last year.
