Astra International, one of the largest diversified conglomerates and the dominating force in Indonesia's automobile industry, sold 268,072 cars in the first five months of 2013. Total car units sold in the same period stands at 497,670, which implies that Astra has a market share of 54 percent. Sales in January-May 2013 grew 8.47 percent compared to the same period in 2012. Astra's motorcycles sales grew 11.6 percent to 1,974,274 units. As such, Astra, which sells the Honda brand, has a 60 percent market share in Indonesia's motorcycle industry.

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In the first quarter of 2013, Indonesia's manufacturing sector (excluding oil and gas) grew 6.69 percent (YoY). This growth figure is still far below the government's target of 9 percent growth in 2013. However, the minister of Industry, Muhammad Sulaeman Hidayat, remains optimistic that the nine percent growth target will be met in the second quarter of 2013 as production is increasing and investments have been realized. Analysts, however, expect the manufacturing sector to grow 7.14 percent this year (YoY).

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Regarding car sales in the ASEAN region, Indonesia still trails behind Thailand according to recent data from the ASEAN Automotive Federation (AAF). In the first two months of 2013, Thailand's car sales increased 51.9 percent (YoY) to 255,727 car units, while Indonesia's car sales only increased 22.7 percentage points to 199,974 vehicles. Thailand controls about 43.5 percent of the ASEAN region's sales market. Indonesia comes in on second place with 34.0 percent market share.

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Indonesian car sales in Q1-2013 rose 17.8 percent to 295,465 units from 250,830 units in the same quarter last year. Astra International, one of the biggest conglomerates in Indonesia and the dominating force in Indonesia's automotive industry, had to hand in a couple of percentage points in terms of market share in domestic car sales. In Q1-2013, Astra controlled 52.3 percent of Indonesia's car sales, down from 58 percent in Q1-2012.

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Indonesia's demand for cars stayed strong as the first quarter of 2013 saw double-digit growth in car sales compared to the same period last year. According to Gaikindo (the Indonesian Automotive Industry Association), Indonesia posted an 18 percent growth in car sales in Q1-2013, which translates to 297,785 car units sold in this year's first quarter. However, Gaikindo believes that growth for full-year 2013 will be limited or equal to last year's record sales performance.

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Many – including Indonesia Investments – are convinced that the electric vehicle is the automotive industry’s future. And, when we take a look at the past two decades or so, we detect a significant acceleration in the development of the electric vehicle.

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The biggest problem for western car-makers is the dominant position of Japan in Indonesia's automotive market. Japan has been dominating the Indonesian car market since the 1970s and there are no signs that this situation will change in the short or long term.

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The government of Indonesia eyes rapid growth of car exports in the two decades ahead. By the year 2035 the government targets to see car shipments from Indonesia rise to 1.5 million vehicles (from around 200,000 exported units in 2016). By that year, exported vehicles should contribute 37.5 percent of total Indonesian car sales.

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A new player in Indonesia's automotive industry - backed by big carmakers from China and the USA - is eager to compete for market share in Indonesia. On Tuesday (11/07) SGMW Motor Indonesia inaugurated its first manufacturing facility in Cikarang (West Java). This local company is a joint venture between (1) SAIC Motor Corporation Ltd, a Chinese state-owned automotive design and manufacturing company headquartered in Shanghai, (2) General Motors Company (GM), a US multinational automotive corporation headquartered in Detroit, and (3) Liuzhou Wuling Automobile Industry Co Ltd, a China-based car manufacturer.

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Indonesia's automotive industry is centered around Bekasi, Karawang and Purwakarta in West Java. In this area various big global car-makers invested in industrial estates as well as car and component manufacturing plants. Therefore, it has become the production base of Indonesia's automotive sector (including motorcycles) and can be labelled the "Detroit of Indonesia". Detroit (Michigan, USA) is the birthplace of the US automotive industry and is home to car giants General Motor, Chrysler, and Ford.

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In early 2016 Ford Motor Indonesia, the local unit of American car-maker Ford Motor Company, announced it will have completed its exit from Indonesia (and Japan) by the start of 2017. This decision was made because Ford has been unable to compete with its Japanese counterparts on the markets of Indonesia and Japan. The sudden move to exit Indonesia was not warmly welcomed by Ford Motor Co's dealers in Indonesia. The 31 Ford local dealerships demanded USD $75 million in compensation. More recently, Ford Motor Indonesia has become the center of a tax scandal.

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About a week ago Ford Motor Indonesia, the local unit of American car manufacturer Ford Motor Company, announced it decided to exit Indonesia and Japan as the firm is unable to compete with its Japanese counterparts. The Ford dealers in Indonesia are still open, meaning consumers can still buy the existing stock of Ford cars. Ford buyers can also still count on after-sales services or the purchase of spare-parts. Next year, however, these stores will be shut. Ford is still studying how to continue services (including guarantee) after 2017 for those that bought a Ford vehicle.

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The Indonesian government approved the request of Indonesia's automotive sector to be exempted from the anti-dumping duties that have been imposed on imports of steel from specific countries. Through Finance Ministry Regulation No. 65/2013 on Anti-Import Duties, the government set import duties - ranging between 7 and 55.6 percent - for steel imports from China, Japan, South Korea, Taiwan and Vietnam in an effort to protect the domestic steel manufacturing industry amid a global steel oversupply (particularly caused by a supply glut in China).

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Whereas the Indonesian Automotive Industry Association (Gaikindo), expects Indonesia's car sales to rise five percent (y/y) in 2016 on the back of improving economic conditions, US-based consulting firm Frost & Sullivan expects to see a 4.3 percent decline in the country's car sales this year as continued rupiah depreciation and persistently low commodity prices undermine Indonesians' purchasing power.

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Both car sales and motorcycle sales declined in 2015 in Indonesia. Primary reason for this decline was people's weaker purchasing power amid the slowing economy and persistently low commodity prices. Indonesia's GDP growth is estimated to have fallen to 4.7 percent year-on-year (y/y), the slowest growth pace since 2009. Meanwhile, amid the sluggish global economy (especially China's slowdown) and falling oil prices, Indonesia gains relatively little from its commodity exports.

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