The Institute of Demographic Studies released a report which claims that by the year 2050, the world population will increase to 9.7 billion from the current number of 7.1 billion. India is expected to become the most populous country, surpassing China. At the end of this century the number of people on earth will amount to around 10 or 11 billion. A report of the United Nations, released in June, suggests that by 2050 the total number of people that is 60 years of age or older will amount to two billion (from 841 million currently).

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At the Indonesia-Africa Forum (IAF), held on 10-11 April 2018 in Bali, Indonesia agreed to negotiate preferential trade agreements (PTAs) with three African countries: Mozambique, Morocco, and Tunisia. Trade talks are part of a strategy to widen Indonesia's export markets. Considering heightened concerns over global trade as the USA and China - the two biggest trade partners of Indonesia - are implementing tariffs, Indonesia seeks to tap new markets, hence reducing its dependence on traditional export markets thus reducing the impact of US-China related trade turmoil.

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Indonesia's crude palm oil (CPO) exports rose 9 percent month-on-month (m/m) to 2.29 million tons in February 2016 on the back of growing CPO demand in Africa, Bangladesh, India and the European Union. Indonesia's February CPO export volume was better than estimated previously. Analysts had expected a figure below 2 million tons. Combined, Indonesia's palm oil exports reached 4.39 million tons in the first two months of 2016, up 22 percent (y/y) from the 3.59 million tons of CPO that Indonesia exported in the same period one year earlier.

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