On 9 February 2014, Indonesia Investments released the latest edition of its newsletter. This free newsletter, which is sent to our subscribers once per week, contains the most important news stories from Indonesia that have been reported on our website in the last seven days. Most of the topics involve economic matters such as an analysis of economic growth in 2013, the trade balance, new IPOs on the stock exchange, an update on January 2014 inflation, and more.

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Credit growth in Indonesia's banking sector in 2014 is estimated to range between 17 and 18 percent. This estimation is higher than the central bank's target of 15 to 17 percent but lower than credit growth in 2013. According to Indonesia's Financial Services Authority (Otoritas Jasa Keuangan, OJK), this pace of growth is at a safe level. Third party funds are projected to grow 16 to 16.5 percent, while the OJK did not provide an estimation of the loan to deposit ratio (LDR) yet although it did say that the LDR was at a safe level too.

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Indonesian stocks and the country's currency feel the negative impact of the further winding down of the Federal Reserve's bond-buying program (quantitative easing). Yesterday (29/01), it was announced that the Fed will cut the bond-buying program by USD $10 billion to USD $65 billion per month. Among market participants concern emerged about the stability of emerging economies amid the tapering as capital outflows are expected. After opening, the benchmark stock index of Indonesia (IHSG) immediately fell more than 1 percent.

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On Wednesday (29/01), the Federal Reserve (Fed) announced to cut its massive bond-buying program (quantitative easing, QE) by another USD $10 billion after the FOMC meeting, while maintaining interest rates close to zero. Originally, the Fed's QE program, implemented in September 2012, totalled USD $85 billion per month but after the cuts in December 2013 and January 2014, it is now wound down to USD $65 billion per month and if the pace of tapering continues, the program might be over by the end of 2014.

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Asian stocks and currencies strengthened on Wednesday (29/01) after the central banks of Turkey and India tightened their monetary policies in order to attract capital inflows and restore investors' confidence. The central bank of Turkey raised its overnight lending rate aggresively from 7.75 percent to 12 percent on Tuesday (28/01); a measure which managed to calm down Asian markets. According to the Bloomberg Dollar Index, the Indonesia rupiah exchange rate appreciated 0.20 percent to IDR 12,166 per US dollar on Wednesday.

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On Tuesday (28/01), the Indonesia rupiah exchange rate shows a volatile performance. Around 15:30 local Jakarta time, Indonesia's currency appreciated 0.08 percent against the US dollar. Market participants are waiting for the outcome of the Federal Reserve's FOMC meeting held on 27-28 January 2014. Most analysts expect the Federal Reserve to quicken the winding down (tapering) of its quantitative easing program. This program caused a large capital inflow in emerging economies, including Indonesia, in recent years.

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The sharply depreciated Indonesia rupiah exchange rate in combination with the inability to raise domestic production of crude oil threatens to balloon government subsidy expenditure. Fuel subsidies may increase 20 percent to IDR 252 trillion (USD $20.8 billion) in 2014 as the rupiah currently has about 14 percent less value (based on the Bloomberg Dollar Index) than the value assumed in the 2014 State Budget (APBN 2014). The government assumed a rupiah rate of IDR 10,500 per US dollar in the APBN 2014.

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In 2013, domestic production of heavy equipment in Indonesia fell 30 percent to 6,127 units from the previous year as commodity prices (such as crude palm oil and coal) were still down. This made Indonesian miners reluctant to ramp up production figures, thus having less need to purchase heavy equipment. According to Pratjojo Dewo, Chairman of the Indonesian Heavy Equipment Association (Hinabi), demand for heavy equipment in Indonesia started falling at the end of 2012 and continued into 2013.

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Forecasts for economic growth in Indonesia in 2014 are still optimistic. The government of Indonesia targets a 6 percent growth rate, while the country's central bank (Bank Indonesia) expects GDP growth in the range of 5.8 to 6.2 percent. Although these forecasts clearly fall short of the target set in the country's National Medium Term Development Plan (RPJMN) - which mentions annual GDP growth of between 6.3 and 6.8 percent - the forecasts are still rather positive given the global uncertain and volatile economic context in recent years.

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Both the rupiah exchange rate and the Jakarta Composite Index strengthened significantly on Monday's trading day (13/01) after the government introduced a milder version of its mineral ore export ban on Sunday (12/01). Full implementation of the ban would have burdened the country's already wide current account deficit. The ban immediately pushed up the nickel and copper prices today. The central bank's Jakarta Interbank Spot Dollar Rate (JISDOR) rose 1.75 percent to IDR 12,047 per US dollar on Monday (13/01).

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Based on the Bloomberg Dollar Index, the Indonesia rupiah exchange rate had depreciated 0.18 percent to IDR 12,113 per US dollar at 14:45 local Jakarta time on Monday (20/01). The most important factor that caused this negative performance was China's slowing economic growth in quarter IV-2013. In the fourth quarter of 2013, China's GDP grew 7.7 percent, down from 7.8 percent in the previous quarter. This slowing growth indicates that China's economic 'recovery' is still fragile (China is among the five most important trade partners of Indonesia).

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On Thursday's trading day (16/01), Indonesia's benchmark stock index (Jakarta Composite Index) fell victim to profit taking after two days of sharp gains (although the index did not came close to its gap at 4,393-4,398 points). The index was also pulled down due to the World Bank's pessimistic forecast for growth of Indonesia's economy as well as today's mixed Asian stock indices. Lastly, the continued Indonesia rupiah exchange rate depreciation contributed to negative market sentiments.

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Despite our concern that Indonesia's benchmark stock index (IHSG or Jakarta Composite Index) would be susceptible to profit taking after the national holiday on Tuesday (14/01) as the IHSG rose signficantly on Monday (13/01), it continued its rise on Wednesday (15/01). The IHSG was supported by positive Asian indices that were influenced by strong US and European stock markets after the release of positive economic data in the USA and Europe. The depreciating rupiah exchange rate, however, limited the IHSG's gain.

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On Wednesday (15/01), Indonesia's rupiah exchange rate depreciated 0.37 percent to IDR 12,095 per US dollar at 14:15 local Jakarta time. Global markets are again in anticipation of the Federal Reserve tapering issue after the Fed officials of Philadelphia and Dallas stated that they support an as-soon-as-possible winding down of the US stimulus program after the release of strong US retail data. The tapering will make it very hard for emerging currencies to gain against the US dollar. At 28-29 January, the Federal Reserve will hold its next meeting.

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ICRA Indonesia, an independent credit rating agency and subsidiary of ICRA Ltd. (associate of Moody's Investors Service), publishes a monthly newsletter which provides an update on the financial and economic developments in Indonesia of the last month. In the December 2013 edition, a number of important topics that are monitored include Indonesia's inflation rate, the trade balance, the current account deficit, the IDR rupiah exchange rate, and gross domestic product (GDP) growth. Below is an excerpt of the newsletter:

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Today, Bank Indonesia kept its benchmark interest rate (BI rate) at 7.50 percent at the Board of Governors’ meeting. The lending facility rate and deposit facility rate were maintained at 7.50 percent and 5.75 percent respectively. An assessment of the economy in 2013 and outlook for 2014-2015 indicated that such policy is consistent with ongoing efforts to keep inflation within the target of 4.5±1 percent in 2014 and 4±1 percent in 2015, as well as to help reduce the current account deficit to a sustainable level.

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Indonesian retail sales surged 14 percent in November 2013 from one year earlier (the highest growth rate since July 2013). On a month-to-month basis, Indonesia's retail sales increased 1.5 percent from October 2013. These findings were the result of a survey conducted by the central bank of Indonesia (Bank Indonesia), which surveyed 650 retailers in 10 Indonesian cities. The bank's survey also indicated that Indonesian retailers may increase prices of their products in 2014 in order to compensate for the depreciating rupiah exchange rate.

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As expected, the Jakarta Composite Index (abbreviated IHSG) continued its downward trend amid falling global indices. From the start of Tuesday's trading day (07/01), the IHSG had to face pressures resulting in foreign net selling. Apart from the weakening rupiah exchange rate, negative market sentiments were caused by the Goldman Sachs Group and JP Morgan Chase & Co that both downgraded emerging market economies. This led to a correction on Asian stock markets.

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Domestic sales of motorcycles in Indonesia are expected to have fallen by 20 percent to 550,000 in December 2013 compared to the previous month (688,527). According to the Chairman of the commercial department of the Indonesian Motorcycle Industry Association (AISI), Sigit Kumala, this decline is not the result of slowing demand for motorcycles but due to the limited amount of working days amid the Christmas and New Year holidays. This then led to less production and distribution of motorcycles to Indonesian dealers.

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From the start of today's trading day (06/01), the Indonesian rupiah exchange rate depreciated against the US dollar. Based on the Bloomberg Dollar Index, Indonesia's currency fell 0.48 percent to IDR 12,238 per US dollar at 13:00 local Jakarta time. This declining trend is in line with the majority of other Asian Pacific currencies. With the exception of the Australian dollar and the Japanese yen, the US dollar appreciated against all Asia Pacific currencies in the morning of Monday (06/01).

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