On 20 April 2014, Indonesia Investments released the latest edition of its newsletter. This free newsletter, which is sent to our subscribers once per week, contains the most important news stories from Indonesia that have been reported on our website in the last seven days. Most of the topics involve economic topics such as comments on the future policy of Bank Indonesia, the investment climate in Batam, an updated profile of Telekomunikasi Indonesia, IPOs in 2014, an analysis of the unprocessed minerals export ban, and more.

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The government of Japan is most likely to file a complaint to the World Trade Organization (WTO) about Indonesia's recently introduced ban on the export of mineral ore (UU Minerba No. 4 - 2009). Although the WTO is yet to receive a formal letter of protest, Indonesian newspaper Investor Daily reported on Friday (04/04) that Trade Minister Muhammad Lutfi has already received a letter from Japan's Minister of Foreign Affairs in which the step was announced. Japan feels forced to bring the case to the WTO as its industry is affected by the ban.

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Agus Martowardojo, Governor of the central bank of Indonesia (Bank Indonesia) expects a trade surplus of around USD $700 million in February 2014. If Martowardojo's forecast is realized, it would be a sharp contrast to the USD $430.6 million trade deficit that was recorded one month earlier. In January, the trade deficit was mainly due to declining exports of coal and vegetable oil (which together account for 26.7 percent of total non-oil & gas exports), among others, due to ongoing annual contractual negotiations at the year-start.

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After recording three months of consecutive trade surpluses at the end of 2013, Indonesia's trade balance slipped back into deficit in January 2014. Indonesia - Southeast Asia's largest economy - posted a USD $430.6 million deficit in the first month of 2014. Exports fell 5.79 percent (year-on-year) to USD $14.48 billion, while imports fell 3.46 percent to USD $14.92 billion. The decline in exports were caused by the implementation of the ban on raw minerals (per 12 January 2014). Mineral ore exports fell over 70 percent (month-to-month).

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PT Indosmelt, an Indonesian smelting company, is planning to conduct an initial public offering (IPO) on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) somewhere in 2015. Through this corporate action the company aims to raise USD $450 to $500 million in new funds by selling 49 percent of its enlarged capital to the public. President Director of Indosmelt Natsyir Mansyur said that the company is currently in talks with Kresna Graha Sekurindo to act as lead underwriter. The funds will be used to build a gold refinery.

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Amid an improving trade balance, Indonesia’s foreign exchange reserves rose to USD $100.7 billion at the end of January 2014, according to a press release of Indonesia's central bank (Bank Indonesia). Compared to December 2013, the reserves increased USD $1.3 billion. These reserves are sufficient to finance 5.7 months of imports or 5.6 months of imports and servicing of government external debt, which is well above the international standard of reserve adequacy at 3 months of imports.

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Chairman of the Indonesian Coal Mining Association (APBI) Bob Kamandanu expects that Indonesia's coal production will decline about 5 percent to 400 million tons in 2014 after the government asked miners to scale back production rates in order to safeguard future domestic supplies as the country needs sufficient energy resources for its future energy supply. Amid low domestic demand, the government asked Indonesian coal mining companies to limit the country's total coal output at 397 million metric tons.

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Both the rupiah exchange rate and the Jakarta Composite Index strengthened significantly on Monday's trading day (13/01) after the government introduced a milder version of its mineral ore export ban on Sunday (12/01). Full implementation of the ban would have burdened the country's already wide current account deficit. The ban immediately pushed up the nickel and copper prices today. The central bank's Jakarta Interbank Spot Dollar Rate (JISDOR) rose 1.75 percent to IDR 12,047 per US dollar on Monday (13/01).

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Only about one hour before the controversial new Mining Law No.4/2009 would take effect on early Sunday morning (12/01), President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono signed a regulation that eases the impact of the new law. The aim of Mining Law No.4/2009 is to ban the export of certain unprocessed minerals (including concentrates) but the new regulation that was signed on Saturday evening (11/01) stipulates that concentrates can still be exported for the next three years, while exports of ore are prohibited since Sunday morning.

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Today (11/01), the government of Indonesia will announce its decision regarding the ban on exports of unrefined mineral ore. This ban, set in the controversial Mining Law No.4/2009, should become effective starting from Sunday 12 January 2014 unless the government will decide to delay full implementation. Industry Minister MS Hidayat stated that the government is still debating about the matter. The new law is controversial because it hollows regulatory certainty, miners's profitability and leads to increased unemployment.

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On 10 June 2023 the Indonesian government imposed a ban on bauxite ore exports in a bid to encourage the development of a domestic bauxite processing and refining industry. This move was not a surprise. Over the past couple of years, government officials had mentioned their desire to ban bauxite ore exports from June 2023. And in December 2022 it was Indonesian President Joko Widodo himself who reaffirmed this ambition.

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On 21 December 2022 Indonesian President Joko Widodo stated that the Indonesian government will ban exports of bauxite ore starting from June 2023 in an effort to encourage the development of a domestic bauxite processing and refining industry.

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The Indonesian Mining Institute (IMI) is concerned about foreign perceptions of Indonesia's mining sector. According to the Fraser Institute, a Toronto-based public policy research and educational organization, Indonesia now ranks lowest in terms of the "state of the investment climate in the mining sector across the world". A new survey, conducted by the Canadian think-tank, shows that Indonesia's recently introduced government policies (stemming from the New Mining Law) that affect the activities in the mining sector has seriously undermined foreigners' confidence in a conducive investment climate in Indonesia's mining sector.

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Uncertainty about the continuation of the company's copper concentrate exports could imply that Freeport Indonesia needs to terminate operations at the Grasberg mine in Papua. Currently, shipments of copper concentrate from the mine to the smelter in Gresik (East Java) have ceased, while the company's storage facilities are full to the brim. Part of workers at the Grasberg mine have been sent home as the processing plant has not been producing any concentrate since Friday (10/02).

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On Thursday (12/01) the government of Indonesia said it eased regulations concerning the controversial ban on exports of metal ore and concentrates of other minerals. Based on the New Mining Law that was revealed in 2009, Indonesian shipments of mineral ore would be banned starting from January 2014. This policy was designed in order to boost the development of domestic processing facilities (smelters) and become an exporter of value-added mining products (hence becoming less vulnerable to volatile prices of raw materials).

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Indonesia is currently discussing the revisions that need to be made to the 2009 Mining Law (Law No. 4/2009 on Mineral and Coal Mining). As there is a lack of progress with the development of smelting (processing) facilities in Indonesia, authorities may decide to postpone the full implementation of the ban on exports of unprocessed mineral ore by five years. Initially, this ban was supposed to come into effect in January 2014. However, it was pushed back to 11 January 2017 to allow more time for smelter development in Southeast Asia's largest economy.

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It remains unclear whether Indonesia will revise the export ban that is stipulated by the 2009 Mining Law (Law No. 4/2009 on Mineral and Coal Mining) and is supposed to come into effect on 12 January 2017. The 2009 Mining Law stipulates a ban on the export of unprocessed and semi-processed ores from Indonesia. The regulation aims to boost development of the nation's smelting capacity, hence becoming an exporter of materials that are positioned higher up in the value chain while curbing Indonesia's current dependence on exports of raw materials.

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Freeport Indonesia has requested for a recommendation from Indonesia's Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources to obtain another six-month permit for the export of copper concentrate. The existing permit expires on 8 August 2016. Since Indonesia's ban on mineral ore exports was implemented in January 2014, Freeport Indonesia - subsidiary of US-based natural resources company Freeport McMoRan Copper & Gold Inc - has been required to obtain six-month permits in order to continue shipments of copper concentrate.

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According to the Association of Indonesian Processing and Refining Companies (AP3I), consumption of mineral ores in Indonesia will be solid starting from 2017 due to the start of operations of new smelters. Jonathan Handojo, Vice Chairman of the AP3I, says domestic consumption of nickel ore will reach 7 million tons in 2017, roughly the same amount of nickel ore that was exported in 2009 before the New Mining Law - which stipulates a ban on exports of mineral ore from Indonesia (per January 2014) - was revealed.

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The government of Indonesia is yet to find a middle way between encouraging the development of processing facilities for the country's mining output and the relaxation of mineral ore exports. Based on Law No. 4/2009 on Mineral and Coal Mining (New Mining Law), exports of mineral ore should have been fully banned in 2014. However, due to the lack of domestic smelting capacity a last-minute regulation was signed in early January 2014 by former Indonesian President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono that softened this ban.

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